Somalia has become the eighth member of the East African Community (EAC) as it seeks to enhance regional trade. The EAC summit in Tanzania officially admitted Somalia, boosting the market to over 300 million people. This marks a significant chapter in Somalia’s history, offering new possibilities and opportunities.
EAC Expansion for Trade Benefits
The EAC, established in 2000 and headquartered in Arusha, Tanzania, promotes trade by eliminating customs duties among member states. Somalia joins Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda in this regional bloc. Excluding Somalia, the EAC covered a vast land area and had a combined GDP of $305 billion in 2022.
Trade Statistics and Growth Prospects
In 2022, total EAC trade reached $78.75 billion. Somalia’s admission adds more than 3,000 kilometers of coastline to the bloc, enhancing its geographical coverage. While this expansion holds promise for regional growth, Somalia’s challenges, including governance issues and the fight against al-Shabab, could pose security concerns for the bloc.
Security Challenges and Regional Contributions
Somalia’s struggle against the al-Qaeda-linked al-Shabab group has raised security concerns. EAC members Kenya and Uganda contribute troops to an African Union force supporting Somalia. The bloc’s admission of Somalia might imply additional security challenges, given the ongoing rebellion. However, this move is seen as a pivotal leap in the EAC’s expansion across East Africa.
Potential Hurdles and Diplomatic Relations
Despite the positive steps taken by Somalia to repair regional ties, concerns exist regarding its governance, human rights, and rule of law. The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies suggests that these factors could hinder Somalia’s smooth integration into the EAC. Moreover, Somalia has faced diplomatic disputes with its neighbors – Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya.
Somalia’s entry into the EAC signifies a strategic move for regional economic cooperation. While it brings vast potential for trade and development, addressing security challenges and governance issues will be crucial for ensuring a seamless integration process.
